“Romans 12 restrains the Christian’s hand; Romans 13 empowers the state’s sword. Confusing the two leads either to chaos or tyranny,” wrote the late author, theologian, and Christian apologist R. C. Sproul.
Sproul’s observation is both accurate and deeply scriptural. It captures the tension—and harmony—between two closely connected passages: Romans 12:17–21 and Romans 13:1–4. Together, they teach that vengeance is forbidden at the personal level but delegated at the governmental level. Continue reading







